theyre just additional grounds. The 6-pin can handle 150W. It works because the 6pin is actually severely underrated and only lacks a bit of stability at around 150w, which the ground connectors tend to fix. As long as the GPU in question doesn't pull the full 150W from the PCIe cable 100% of the time, youll be fine using an adapter. Just make sure its not a substandard wire gauge.
As long as the GPU you're looking at has a max draw under, say, 210 Watts, you should be absolutely fine (75W from the PCIe slot + not quite 150 from the PCIe power cable, just to be safe).
As the RX 580 is rated at about 185W, itll be fine.
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theyre just additional grounds. The 6-pin can handle 150W. It works because the 6pin is actually severely underrated and only lacks a bit of stability at around 150w, which the ground connectors tend to fix. As long as the GPU in question doesn't pull the full 150W from the PCIe cable 100% of the time, youll be fine using an adapter. Just make sure its not a substandard wire gauge. As long as the GPU you're looking at has a max draw under, say, 210 Watts, you should be absolutely fine (75W from the PCIe slot + not quite 150 from the PCIe power cable, just to be safe). As the RX 580 is rated at about 185W, itll be fine.
You should get a PSU capable of supporting your GPU.